PT-141: Scientific Profile
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Bremelanotide (PT-141), a cyclic heptapeptide agonist of the melanocortin receptors MC1R/MC3R/MC4R (central MC4R), approved by the FDA for HSDD in premenopausal women. Research reagent (RUO).
Bremelanotide (PT-141) is a cyclic heptapeptide of 7 amino acids that acts as an agonist of the melanocortin receptors MC1R, MC3R, and MC4R, with preferential central action on the hypothalamic MC4R and modulation of dopaminergic and oxytocin pathways; it operates on central nervous system circuits, independently of peripheral vascular flow. Chemical identity: CAS 189691-06-3 (free base) and 1607799-13-2 (acetate salt), molecular formula C50H68N14O10, and a molecular weight of approximately 1025.2 g/mol. It is the molecule approved by the FDA for hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in premenopausal women. As a research reagent it is used in in vitro and preclinical studies of melanocortin signaling and central regulation of the sexual response. Laboratory reconstitution: use bacteriostatic water until a homogeneous solution is obtained. Storage: keep lyophilized at -20 °C and, once reconstituted, at 2-8 °C for a maximum of 30 days.
Mechanism of action
PT-141 activates melanocortin MC3R and MC4R receptors in the hypothalamus, modulating sexual arousal pathways.
Mechanism summary
Agonist of the melanocortin receptors MC1R, MC3R, and MC4R, with preferential central action on the hypothalamic MC4R and modulation of dopaminergic and oxytocin pathways, regulating the sexual response from the central nervous system.
Estudios Clínicos (9)
- Bremelanotide for the Treatment of Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder: Two Randomized Phase 3 Trials (Kingsberg SA, et al. · Obstetrics & Gynecology · 2019) — Two randomized phase 3 trials (RECONNECT) of bremelanotide (PT-141) for hypoactive sexual desire disorder in premenopausal women. PMID 31599840.
- Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Bremelanotide for Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder. (Simon JA, et al. · Obstet Gynecol · 2019) PMID 31599847.
- Safety Profile of Bremelanotide Across the Clinical Development Program. (Clayton AH, et al. · J Womens Health (Larchmt) · 2022) PMID 35147466.
- Bremelanotide for female sexual dysfunctions in premenopausal women: a randomized, placebo-controlled dose-finding trial. (Clayton AH, et al. · Womens Health (Lond) · 2016) PMID 27181790.
- Re-Analyzing Phase III Bremelanotide Trials for "Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder" in Women. (Spielmans GI, et al. · J Sex Res · 2021) PMID 33678061.
- Usefulness of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring to assess the melanocortin receptor agonist bremelanotide. (White WB, et al. · J Hypertens · 2017) PMID 27977473.
- An effect on the subjective sexual response in premenopausal women with sexual arousal disorder by bremelanotide (PT-141), a melanocortin receptor agonist. (Diamond LE, et al. · J Sex Med · 2006) PMID 16839319.
- Female Sexual Desire, Arousal, and Orgasmic Dysfunctions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Treatment Options. (Toledo RG, et al. · J Minim Invasive Gynecol · 2026) PMID 40543759.
- Phase I Randomized Placebo-controlled, Double-blind Study of the Safety and Tolerability of Bremelanotide Coadministered With Ethanol in Healthy Male and Female Participants. (Clayton AH, et al. · Clin Ther · 2017) PMID 28189361.
Warnings
PT-141 is a compound exclusively for research use (RUO); the following warnings and handling considerations apply to its use in the laboratory:
- No more than 8 doses/month
- Use 45 min before
- Uncontrolled hypertension
- Cardiovascular disease
- Pregnancy
Technical data
- CAS
- 189691-06-3
- Molecular formula
- C50H68N14O10
- Molecular weight
- 1025.2 Da
- Compound type
- peptide
- Storage
- -20 °C liofilizado; 2-8 °C reconstituido
- Shelf life (lyophilized)
- 24 months
- Shelf life (reconstituted)
- 28 days refrigerated
- Light-sensitive
- Sí
Available for research
PT-141 is available as a research-use-only (RUO) reagent with HPLC-verified purity and a per-batch COA:
Frequently asked questions about PT-141
What is PT-141?
Bremelanotide (PT-141), a cyclic heptapeptide agonist of the melanocortin receptors MC1R/MC3R/MC4R (central MC4R), approved by the FDA for HSDD in premenopausal women. Research reagent (RUO).
What is the mechanism of action of PT-141?
Agonist of the melanocortin receptors MC1R, MC3R, and MC4R, with preferential central action on the hypothalamic MC4R and modulation of dopaminergic and oxytocin pathways, regulating the sexual response from the central nervous system.
What is PT-141 investigated for?
In preclinical research, PT-141 is studied mainly in: Central MC3R/MC4R agonism; Modulation of CNS signaling; FDA approved (HSDD). Material for scientific research use only.
What are the chemical properties of PT-141?
Molecular formula C50H68N14O10; molecular weight 1025.2 Da; CAS number 189691-06-3.
How is PT-141 stored?
Condiciones de conservación: -20 °C liofilizado; 2-8 °C reconstituido; estabilidad liofilizado: 24 meses; una vez reconstituido: 28 días refrigerado; protéjase de la luz.
What routes of administration are studied for PT-141?
In the research models the following are described: Subcutaneous, Intranasal. Use is exclusively for scientific research.